![]() women’s reports of their sport consumption and self-identified sport fandom. In this study, using data from the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 2853), we examine U.S. We state that the results are adequate for women visitors. The racism display noted similar results. The respondents also consider it to be the most serious activity at 82.58%. We state that there are correlations between women visitors’ verbal and other expression and their violent behavior e.g., the surveyed respondents had no experience with demolishing stadiums and other riots. A total of 120 respondents (aged 25.01 ± 10.20 years old) participated in this research, and all of the respondents were attending the matches in a stand of home team supporters. Primary data were collected by a questionnaire survey mainly at the Eden stadium and other selected Czech football stadiums in 2015//17 seasons. The paper aims to analyze the relationship between women visitors’ verbal and other expression and their violent behavior on an example of SK Slavia Prague football club. Given the long history of spectator sports events consumption, it is not a surprising fact that there have also been serious manifestations of spectator aggression. It is entertainment, primarily for men, but nowadays, it can be said that the number of women at football stadiums is steadily increasing. They also indicate that a higher level of acceptance of these postulates by fans predicts higher levels of prejudice against minorities and other nations, and higher levels of national pride.įootball is the most popular team sport in the world. The results show that being a fan of a Polish football club accounts for significantly higher scores on postulates referring to ethnic and racial criteria of national identity, belief in permanent struggle of nations, small nation type of collective memory and glorification of past war heroes. The study is based on a survey conducted on a sample representative for Polish citizens (N=4030) from which football fans were extracted (N=643). This study aims to examine (1) to what extent the postulates of performative national ideology presented by ultras in Polish stadiums are shared by fans of Polish football clubs and (2) whether they translate into corresponding attitudes at the individual level. ![]() This is done by means of displays held by organised supporters – ultras. It is also a valuable resource for scholars, and football and club authorities who have an interest in understanding the development of female football fandom and its impact on the male fandom community.įootball stadiums are one of the places where nationalistic views are presented. The book is fascinating reading for researchers and students in a broad range of areas, including gender studies, sociology of sport, football, women’s studies and Central Eastern European studies. This study stands out for its richness and diversity of empirical material used in order to make a significant contribution to our understanding of social dynamics related to the changing nature of female football fandom. ![]() Also, it explores the response of male fans by shedding light on the sense-making process of a growing number of female fans in the stands and its consequences for prevailingly male football culture. Referring to the notions of homosociality, hegemonic masculinity, and performative perspectives on gender and fandom, it investigates the processes of women entering the world of football fandom.ĭrawing on multidimensional qualitative and quantitative research, the book analyses different aspects of female fandom, such as women’s socialisation to be a fan, building their sense of fan identity, ways of performing fandom, and gender. This book assesses the transformation of football fan culture from a gender perspective. ![]()
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